Quine Blog




Miguel H. Quine – 4/10/2017
Previous analysis for the research project: “ NASA Science Instruments for the Next Space Exploration Missions”






Sept. 7, 2016
NASA Selects Next Generation Spectrometer for SOFIA Flying Observatory
A team from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, has been selected to develop a new, third-generation facility science instrument for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA. The principal investigator, Samuel Harvey Moseley will lead the team to develop the High Resolution Mid-InfrarEd Spectrometer (HIRMES).
The HIRMES spectrometer is optimized to detect neutral atomic oxygen, water, as well as normal and deuterated (or “heavy”) hydrogen molecules at infrared wavelengths between 28 and 112 microns (a micron is one-millionth of a meter). These wavelengths are key to determining how water vapor, ice, and oxygen combine at different times during planet formation, and will enable new observations of how these elements combine with dust to form the mass that may one day become a planet.
The SOFIA observatory is a Boeing 747SP. SOFIA is the largest airborne observatory in the world, capable of making observations that are impossible for even the largest and highest ground-based telescopes. During its planned 20-year lifetime, SOFIA also will inspire the development of new scientific instrumentation and foster the education of young scientists and engineers.
SOFIA studies many different kinds of astronomical objects and phenomena, but some of the most interesting are:
  • Star birth and death
  • Formation of new solar systems
  • Identification of complex molecules in space
  • Planets, comets and asteroids in our solar system
  • Nebulae and dust in galaxies (or, Ecosystems of galaxies)
  • Black holes at the center of galaxies
SOFIA's instruments — cameras, spectrometers, and photometers — operate in the near-, mid- and far-infrared wavelengths, some better suited to studying a particular phenomena, while others are general purpose but capable of acquiring data simultaneously with another instrument. 

Jan. 19, 2017
Don’t Judge an Asteroid by its Cover: Mid-infrared Data from SOFIA Shows Ceres’ True Composition
New observations show that Ceres, the largest body in the asteroid belt is covered by a thin coating of dust coming from a nearby asteroid. Using data primarily from NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA, a team of astronomers has detected the presence of substantial amounts of material on the surface of Ceres that appear to be fragments of other asteroids containing mostly silicate-rich dust particles.
Ceres and asteroids are not the only context where material transported from elsewhere has affected the surfaces of solar system bodies. Dramatic examples include Saturn’s two-faced moon Iapetus and the red material seen by New Horizons on Pluto’s moon Charon. Planetary scientists also hypothesize that material from comets and asteroids provided a final veneer to the then-forming Earth that included substantial amounts of water plus the organic substances of the biosphere.


Oct. 5, 2016
SOFIA Detects Collapsing Clouds Becoming Young Suns
Researchers on board NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA, observed the collapse of portions of six interstellar clouds on their way to becoming new stars that will be much larger than our sun.
When a gas cloud collapses on itself, the cloud’s own gravity causes it to contract and the contraction produces heat friction. Heat from the contraction eventually causes the core to ignite hydrogen fusion reactions creating a star.



References 
Proudfit, L. (2016, September 07). NASA Selects Next Generation Spectrometer for SOFIA Flying Observatory. Retrieved April 10, 2017, from https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-selects-next-generation-spectrometer-for-sofia-flying-observatory/
Bell, K. (2016, November 15). Flying Observatory Expanding Frontiers in the Solar System & Beyond. Retrieved April 10, 2017, from https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-flying-observatory-expanding-new-frontiers-in-the-solar-system-and-beyond
Proudfit, L. (2015, April 21). SOFIA Overview. Retrieved April 10, 2017, from https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/SOFIA/overview/index.html
Bell, K. (2016, October 05). SOFIA Detects Collapsing Clouds Becoming Young Suns. Retrieved April 10, 2017, from https://www.nasa.gov/feature/sofia-detects-collapsing-clouds-becoming-young-suns

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